SUBELEMENT G3B

FCC General

SUBELEMENT G3B

G3B – Maximum Usable Frequency; Lowest Usable Frequency; short path and long path propagation; determining propagation conditions; ionospheric refraction

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G3B01

What is a characteristic of skywave signals arriving at your location by both short-path and long-path propagation?

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G3B02

What factors affect the MUF?

3 / 12

G3B03

Which frequency will have the least attenuation for long-distance skip propagation?

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G3B04

Which of the following is a way to determine current propagation on a desired band from your station?

  1. Use a network of automated receiving stations on the internet to see where your transmissions are being received

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G3B05

How does the ionosphere affect radio waves with frequencies below the MUF and above the LUF?

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G3B06

What usually happens to radio waves with frequencies below the LUF?

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G3B07

What does LUF stand for?

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G3B08

What does MUF stand for?

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G3B09

What is the approximate maximum distance along the Earth’s surface normally covered in one hop using the F2 region?

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G3B10

What is the approximate maximum distance along the Earth’s surface normally covered in one hop using the E region?

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G3B11

What happens to HF propagation when the LUF exceeds the MUF?

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G3B12

Which of the following is typical of the lower HF frequencies during the summer?

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